Governments (e.g., US ~210,000 BTC from seizures) hold large amounts but rarely trade actively.
Broader Picture
Major trades today are driven more by institutional flows (ETFs, corporates like Strategy, hedge funds) than pure anonymous whales. Exchanges like Binance and Coinbase route most retail/institutional order flow, while OTC desks handle the biggest whale/institutional deals off-exchange to minimize slippage.
Large sells from over-leveraged positions or ETF outflows can cascade, but no one "controls" Bitcoin outright—the market is still shaped by supply/demand across thousands of participants. Concentration has increased since 2024 ETF approvals, shifting influence toward Wall Street-style players.