For a long time, the conversation around blockchain speed sounded like a purely technical challenge.
Developers believed performance could be solved by smarter algorithms, improved consensus models, or more efficient execution engines.
The assumption was simple: better code would automatically mean a faster network. But over time, it has become clear that the true constraint is not software it is reality itself.
Blockchains do not operate inside isolated systems. They exist across a globally distributed network of machines, and every action depends on communication between them.
When validators confirm a block or cast a vote, that information must physically travel across continents through fiber-optic cables and network infrastructure.
Signals moving between cities like Tokyo, Frankfurt, and New York cannot exceed the limits imposed by distance and latency.
No amount of optimization can remove the time it takes for data to move through the real world.
This shifts the problem from mathematics to physics. Consensus is not just about agreement in theory; it is about coordination across space.
The more participants required to instantly agree, the more latency becomes unavoidable.
Speed, therefore, is no longer only a question of computation it becomes a question of network design.
What makes Fogo interesting is that it approaches this limitation differently. Rather than trying to overpower latency with increasingly complex consensus mechanics, it restructures participation itself.
Instead of every validator actively voting at every moment, Fogo rotates responsibility among smaller groups while the broader validator set observes and verifies.
By reducing the number of simultaneous communicators, agreement can happen faster without abandoning decentralization or trust assumptions.
Alongside this structural change, Fogo focuses heavily on practical efficiency.