1) Who can buy cryptocurrency
• Non-qualified investors — only the most liquid cryptocurrencies, a test on understanding risks is required, up to 300,000 ₽ per year through one intermediary.
• Qualified investors — any cryptocurrencies (except anonymous ones), with no volume restrictions, also after a test on understanding risks.
2) Cryptocurrency status
• Digital currencies and stablecoins are recognized as monetary values.
• Buying and selling are allowed, but payments within the country are prohibited.
• Considered high-risk: no issuer and guarantees, high volatility, sanctions risks.
3) How to work with crypto assets
• Through exchanges, brokers, and trust managers based on existing licenses.
• Special requirements for special depositories and exchangers.
4) Operations abroad
• Residents can buy cryptocurrency abroad and transfer it through Russian intermediaries.
• Mandatory notification to the tax authority about such operations.
5) Digital financial assets (DFA)
• The circulation of DFAs and other Russian digital rights will be allowed in open networks.
• Issuers will be able to attract foreign investments, clients — to purchase DFAs on terms no worse than those for cryptocurrencies.
6) Implementation timelines
• By July 1, 2026 — preparation of the legislative framework.
• From July 1, 2027 — liability for illegal activities of intermediaries analogous to illegal banking activities.