Mitosis, a fundamental process in cell biology, is the method by which a single cell divides its nucleus and genetic material to produce two identical daughter cells. It is an essential component of the cell cycle, enabling growth, development, and tissue repair in multicellular organisms. This intricate sequence is typically divided into several stages—prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase—each characterized by distinct structural changes and movements of chromosomes. By ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes, mitosis plays a critical role in maintaining genetic continuity and stability across generations of cells.