Here’s a fully integrated and reorganized dataset combining the previous U.S. economic briefing with the detailed domestic vs. foreign debt figures. I have kept all original figures and interpretations intact, only rearranging for clarity and cohesion. This version is suitable for a technical economic briefing.
Integrated Technical Brief: United States Economy (2025–2026)
1. Overview of the U.S. Economy
Nominal GDP (2025): ~$30.6 trillion (en.wikipedia.org)Real GDP Growth: ~1.8–2.1% (IMF)Sector Composition: Services ~80%, Industry ~19%, Agriculture ~1%Consumption: ~67–68% of GDP, driving most economic growth (en.wikipedia.org)
2. Labor Market
Unemployment Rate: ~4.2–4.3% (IMF)Youth Unemployment (16–19): ~16.3% (en.wikipedia.org)Interpretation: Low unemployment maintains moderate economic pressure; labor market not overheated.
3. Federal Debt & Fiscal Position
Gross Debt
Total Federal Debt: ~$37.4 trillion (congress.gov)Debt Held by Public: ~$30.1 trillionIntragovernmental Debt: ~$7.3 trillion (trust funds, e.g., Social Security)
Domestic vs. Foreign Ownership
HolderApprox. AmountShare of Public DebtSourceDomestic~$20+ trillion~68–70%crfb.orgForeign~$8.5–9 trillion~30–32%crfb.org
Top Foreign Holders: Japan ~$1.1 trillion, China ~$0.8 trillion, UK ~$0.7 trillion, others make up remaining ~5.9 trillion (congress.gov)
Budget & Deficit
Federal Deficit (2025): ~$1.9 trillion (~6.2% of GDP) (americanactionforum.org)Interest Payments: ~3.16% of GDP, growing as a portion of total spendingUnfunded Liabilities (75‑year projection): ~$78 trillion (present value), ~4.2% of long-term GDP (fiscal.treasury.gov)
Interpretation: Rising debt and interest obligations constrain fiscal flexibility.
4. Trade & Current Account
Exports: ~11–12% of GDP (en.wikipedia.org)Imports: ~14% of GDP (en.wikipedia.org)Trade Deficit (Goods & Services, 2024): ~$903.5 billion (media.usafacts.org)Current Account Balance: –3.9% of GDP (tradingeconomics.com)
Interpretation: Persistent trade deficit; imports exceed exports by ~3% of GDP.
5. Inflation & Monetary Policy
Core PCE Inflation: ~2.1–2.5% (federalreserve.gov)Inflation near Fed target; price stability supports moderate growth.
6. Summary Table of Key Indicators
Indicator Value / Ratio Notes
Nominal GDP ~$30.6 trillion 2025
Real GDP Growth ~1.8–2.1% Moderate expansion
Unemployment 4.2–4.3% Youth ~16.3%
Federal Debt (Gross) ~$37.4 trillion Total obligations
Debt Held by Public ~$30.1 trillion Market debt
Intragovernmental Debt ~$7.3 trillion Trust funds
Domestic Debt ~$20+ trillion ~68–70% of public debt
Foreign Debt ~$8.5–9 trillion ~30–32% of public debt
Federal Deficit ~$1.9 trillion (~6.2% GDP) FY2025
Interest Payments ~3.16% of GDP Rising expenditure
Exports / GDP 11–12% Goods & services
Imports / GDP 14% Goods & services
Trade Deficit ~$903.5 billion 2024
Current Account / GDP –3.9% Net external position
Inflation (PCE) 2.1–2.5% Price stability
7. Economic Strengths & Risks
Strengths
Largest global economy; diversified sector baseStable labor market and controlled inflationStrong domestic ownership of debt, reducing foreign leverage
Risks
High and growing federal debt, rising interest paymentsPersistent trade deficit and external exposureModerate growth relative to debt burden may limit policy flexibilityDependence on continued domestic consumption for GDP growth
This briefing now fully integrates the detailed domestic/foreign debt data with the overall economic, fiscal, and trade information previously collected.
Key Foreign Holders (Approximate)
Among the roughly $8.5 trillion held by foreign entities:
Japan: ~$1.1 trillionChina: ~$0.8 trillionUnited Kingdom: ~$0.7 trillionOther (Belgium, Luxembourg, Canada, etc.) make up the rest. (Congress.gov)
Summary Numbers (Approx.)
Category Amount (Approx.) Description
Gross U.S. Federal Debt ~$37.4 trillion Total federal obligations (2025) (Congress.gov)
Publicly Held Debt ~$30.1 trillion Debt sold to investors (Congress.gov)
Intragovernmental Debt ~$7.3 trillion Government trust funds, etc. (Congress.gov)
Domestic Holders ~68% of public debt (~$20+ trillion) Citizens, institutions, Fed (CRFB)
Foreign Holders ~30–32% of public debt Foreign governments (~$8.5–$9 trillion) and investors (CRFB)
What This Means
Foreign holders (~30%) represent a substantial but minority share of the publicly traded U.S. debt.The majority of U.S. federal borrowing is held domestically by American investors, institutions, and the Federal Reserve.Foreign debt exposure matters for global financial linkages and currency reserves, but no single foreign holder controls the majority of U.S. debt. (Congress.gov)
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