The walrus has survived ice ages, shifting oceans, and natural environmental cycles. Yet the rapid pace of modern climate change presents challenges unlike anything in its evolutionary history. Rising temperatures and melting sea ice are reshaping the Arctic faster than walruses can adapt.
Sea ice serves as a resting platform between feeding dives. As ice retreats farther from productive feeding grounds, walruses must swim longer distances, expending more energy and increasing the risk for calves. When ice is unavailable, walruses haul out on land in massive numbers, often along exposed coastlines.
These land haul-outs are dangerous. Overcrowding can lead to stampedes, especially when startled by predators or human activity. Young walruses are particularly vulnerable and are often crushed during sudden movements of the herd.
Climate change also affects food availability. Changes in ocean temperature and chemistry influence the distribution of benthic prey. If these organisms decline or move deeper, walruses may struggle to meet their nutritional needs.
Conservation efforts now focus on habitat protection, reduced human disturbance, and global climate action. The future of the walrus is closely tied to decisions made far beyond the Arctic. Protecting this species means acknowledging the interconnected nature of Earth’s ecosystems.
