$ETH The roadmap is divided into three layers:
🟠 Consensus Layer (CL) – Security & Finality
🟢 Data Layer (DL) – Scalability & Blob Data
🔵 Execution Layer (EL) – EVM, Rollups & Transactions
🟠 1. Consensus Layer (CL)
🎯 Goals:
Faster finality
Stronger security
Post-quantum readiness
📅 2026 (Glamsterdam / Hegota)
Faster confirmations
ePBS improvements
FOCIL
Modernized beacon specs
📅 2027–2028
1-slot finality research
4-slot epochs
Increase attester capacity (128K)
APS
ETH inclusion improvements
📅 2029
Endgame finality
Fast L1 finality (seconds)
Tech debt cleanup
LeanVM aggregation
📅 2030+
1M attestations per slot
51% attack auto-recovery
VDF randomness
Secret proposers
Post-quantum L1 hash-based system
🟢 2. Data Layer (DL)
🎯 Goals:
Massive throughput
Blob scaling
L2 optimization
📅 2026
Blob streaming
Cell-level messages
Sparse blob model
📅 2027
J* blob increase
Smaller sample sizes
Local blob reconstruction
Short-dated blob futures
📅 2028
Return to calldata (optimization phase)
📅 2029
Post-quantum sampling
Remove legacy blobs
📅 2030+
Teragas L2 → 1 Gbyte/sec
Proofs of custody
🔵 3. Execution Layer (EL)
🎯 Goals:
zk-proof dominance
Native rollups
Gas scalability
Account abstraction
📅 2026
Native AA
BALS
Optional proofs
📅 2027
3x/year gas limit growth
Multidimensional pricing
Binary tree structure
Precompiles in zkEVM
Encrypted mempool
📅 2028
Mandatory 3-of-5 proofs
Validity-only partial state
STF in zkEVM
📅 2029
Canonical zkVM
Long-dated gas futures
Shared mempool
Proof aggregation
Post-quantum transactions
📅 2030+
Gigagas L1 → 1 Ggas/sec
Exposed zkEVM
Account abstraction proofs
Private L1 shielded transfers
🔮 Long-Term Vision
✔ Near-instant finality
✔ Massive scalability (Gigagas + Teragas)
✔ zk-proof native architecture
✔ Post-quantum secure
✔ Fully rollup-centric design
