AbuZar Ali Khan

Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency. On 7 September 2017, the island suffered extensive damage from Hurricane Irma, particularly to communications and residential and business infrastructure.
Geography
Location
Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico
Geographic coordinates
18 15 N, 63 10 W
Map references
Central America and the Caribbean
Area
total:91 sq km
land:91 sq km
water:0 sq km
Area - comparative
about one-half the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries
total:0 km
Coastline
61 km
Maritime claims
territorial sea:12 nm
exclusive economic zone:200 nm
exclusive fishing zone:200 nm
Climate
tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds
Terrain
flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone
Elevation
lowest point:Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:Crocus Hill 73 m
Natural resources
salt, fish, lobster
Land use
agricultural land:0% (2018 est.)
arable land: 0% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)
forest:61.1% (2018 est.)
other:38.9% (2018 est.)
Irrigated land
0 sq km (2012)
Natural hazards
frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)
Environment - current issues
supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system
Geography - note
the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles
People and Society
Population
18,403 (July 2021 est.)
Nationality
noun:Anguillan(s)
adjective:Anguillan
Ethnic groups
African/Black 85.3%, Hispanic 4.9%, mixed 3.8%, White 3.2%, East Indian/Indian 1%, other 1.6%, unspecified 0.3% (2011 est.)
note:data represent population by ethnic origin
Languages
English (official)
Religions
Protestant 73.2% (includes Anglican 22.7%, Methodist 19.4%, Pentecostal 10.5%, Seventh Day Adventist 8.3%, Baptist 7.1%, Church of God 4.9%, Presbyterian 0.2%, Brethren 0.1%), Roman Catholic 6.8%, Jehovah's Witness 1.1%, other Christian 10.9%, other 3.2%, unspecified 0.3%, none 4.5% (2011 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years:21.63% (male 1,991/female 1,922)
15-24 years:13.9% (male 1,269/female 1,246)
25-54 years:42.27% (male 3,428/female 4,218)
55-64 years:12.42% (male 993/female 1,254)
65 years and over:9.78% (male 874/female 895) (2020 est.)
Median age
total:35.7 years
male:33.7 years
female:37.6 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate
1.84% (2021 est.)
Birth rate
12.12 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Death rate
4.62 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Net migration rate
10.87 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Population distribution
most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlmement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparce in the northeast
Urbanization
urban population:100% of total population (2020)
rate of urbanization:0.9% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Major urban areas - population
1,000 THE VALLEY (capital) (2018)
Sex ratio
at birth:1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years:1.04 male(s)/female
15-24 years:1.02 male(s)/female
25-54 years:0.81 male(s)/female
55-64 years:0.79 male(s)/female
65 years and over:0.98 male(s)/female
total population:0.9 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
Infant mortality rate
total:3.11 deaths/1,000 live births
male:4.07 deaths/1,000 live births
female:2.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population:82 years
male:79.37 years
female:84.7 years (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.72 children born/woman (2021 est.)
Drinking water source
improved:urban: 97.5% of population
total: 97.5% of population
unimproved:urban: 2.5% of population
total: 2.5% of population (2017 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved:urban: 99.1% of population
total: 99.1% of population
unimproved:urban: 0.9% of population
total: 0.9% of population (2017 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate
NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS
NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths
NA
Education expenditures
NA
Government
Country name
conventional long form:none
conventional short form:Anguilla
etymology:the name Anguilla means "eel" in various Romance languages (Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, French) and likely derives from the island's lengthy shape
Dependency status
overseas territory of the UK
Government type
parliamentary democracy (House of Assembly); self-governing overseas territory of the UK
Capital
name:The Valley
geographic coordinates:18 13 N, 63 03 W
time difference:UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology:name derives from the capital's location between several hills
Administrative divisions
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Independence
none (overseas territory of the UK)
National holiday
Anguilla Day, 30 May (1967)
Constitution
history:several previous; latest 1 April 1982
amendments:amended 1990
Legal system
common law based on the English model
Citizenship
see United Kingdom
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch
chief of state:Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Tim FOY (since August 2017)
head of government:Premier Dr. Ellis WEBSTER (since 30 June 2020); note - starting in 2019, the title of head of government was changed to premier from chief minister of Anguilla
cabinet:Executive Council appointed by the governor from among elected members of the House of Assembly
elections/appointments:the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed premier by the governor
Legislative branch
description:unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats; 7 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 2 appointed by the governor, and 2 ex officio members - the attorney general and deputy governor; members serve five-year terms)
elections:last held on 29 June 2020 (next to be held in 2025)
election results:percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APM 7, AUF 4; composition - NA
Judicial branch
highest courts:the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC - headquartered on St. Lucia - consists of the Court of Appeal - headed by the chief justice and 4 judges - and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal is itinerant, travelling to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts; High Court judges reside in the member states, though none on Anguilla
judge selection and term of office:Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court chief justice appointed by Her Majesty, Queen ELIZABETH II; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62
subordinate courts:Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court
Political parties and leaders
Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP
Anguilla National Alliance or ANA
Anguilla Progressive Movement or APM [Dr. Ellis WEBSTER]; prior to 2019, it was known as the Anguilla United Movement or AUM
Anguilla United Front or AUF [Victor BANKS] (alliance includes ADP, ANA)
Democracy, Opportunity, Vision, and Empowerment Party or DOVE [Sutcliffe HODGE]
International organization participation
Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UNESCO (associate), UPU
Diplomatic representation in the US
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation from the US
telephone:[1] (246) 227-4000
embassy:none (overseas territory of the UK); alternate contact is the US Embassy in Barbados [1] (246) 227-4000
Flag description
blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with a turquoise-blue field below; the white in the background represents peace; the blue base symbolizes the surrounding sea, as well as faith, youth, and hope; the three dolphins stand for endurance, unity, and strength
National anthem
name: God Bless Anguilla
lyrics/music: Alex RICHARDSON
note: local anthem adopted 1981; as a territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the Queen" is official (see United Kingdom)
Economy
Economic overview
Anguilla has few natural resources, is unsuited for agriculture, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased activity in the tourism industry has spurred the growth of the construction sector contributing to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector, which is small but growing. In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend largely on the recovery of the tourism sector and, therefore, on revived income growth in the industrialized nations as well as on favorable weather conditions.
Real GDP growth rate
-8.5% (2009 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
1.3% (2017 est.)
-0.6% (2016 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$175.4 million (2009 est.)
$191.7 million (2008 est.)
$108.9 million (2004 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$175.4 million (2009 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$12,200 (2008 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture:3% (2017 est.)
industry:10.5% (2017 est.)
services:86.4% (2017 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption:74.1% (2017 est.)
government consumption:18.3% (2017 est.)
investment in fixed capital:26.8% (2017 est.)
investment in inventories:0% (2017 est.)
exports of goods and services:48.2% (2017 est.)
imports of goods and services:-67.4% (2017 est.)
Agricultural products
small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising
Industries
tourism, boat building, offshore financial services
Industrial production growth rate
4% (2017 est.)
Labor force
6,049 (2001)
Labor force - by occupation
agriculture:74.1%
industry:3%
services:18%
agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining:4% (2000 est.)
manufacturing:3% (2000 est.)
construction:18% (2000 est.)
transportation and utilities:10% (2000 est.)
commerce:36% (2000 est.)
Unemployment rate
8% (2002)
Population below poverty line
23% (2002 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%:NA
highest 10%:NA
Budget
revenues:81.92 million (2017 est.)
expenditures:80.32 million (2017 est.)
Taxes and other revenues
46.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
0.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Public debt
20.1% of GDP (2015 est.)
20.8% of GDP (2014 est.)
Fiscal year
1 April - 31 March
Current account balance
-$23.2 million (2017 est.)
-$25.3 million (2016 est.)
Exports
$7.9 million (2017 est.)
$3.9 million (2016 est.)
Exports - commodities
lobster, fish, livestock, salt, concrete blocks, rum
Imports
$186.2 million (2017 est.)
$170.1 million (2016 est.)
Imports - commodities
fuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$76.38 million (31 December 2017 est.)
$48.14 million (31 December 2015 est.)
Debt - external
$41.04 million (31 December 2013)
$8.8 million (1998)
Exchange rates
East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
2.7 (2017 est.)
2.7 (2016 est.)
2.7 (2015 est.)
2.7 (2014 est.)
2.7 (2013 est.)
Communications
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions:7,461
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:42.02 (2019 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions:32,332
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:182.09 (2019 est.)
Telecommunication systems
general assessment:modern internal telephone system with fiber-optic trunk lines; telecom sector provides a relatively high contribution to overall GDP; numerous competitors licensed, but small and localized; major growth sectors include the mobile telephony and data segments (2020)
domestic:fixed-line teledensity is about 42 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 182 per 100 persons (2019)
international:country code - 1-264; landing points for the SSCS, ECFS, GCN and Southern Caribbean Fiber with submarine cable links to Caribbean islands and to the US; microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin/Sint Maarten (2019)
note:the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
Broadcast media
1 private TV station; multi-channel cable TV subscription services are available; about 10 radio stations, one of which is government-owned
Internet country code
.ai
Internet users
total:14,211
percent of population:81.57% (July 2018 est.)
Transportation
National air transport system
number of registered air carriers:2 (2020)
inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers:4
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
VP-A (2016)
Airports
total:1 (2020)
Airports - with paved runways
total:1 (2020)
1,524 to 2,437 m:1
Roadways
total:175 km (2004)
paved:82 km (2004)
unpaved:93 km (2004)
Merchant marine
total:2
by type:other 2 (2020)
Ports and terminals
major seaport(s):Blowing Point, Road Bay
Military and Security
Military - note
defense is the responsibility of the UK
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international
none
Illicit drugs
transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe .

Vom späten 14. bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts erstreckte sich ein Königreich Kongo über Zentralafrika, von dem heutigen Nordangola bis in die aktuellen Kongo-Republiken. Es handelte intensiv mit den Portugiesen, die ab dem 16. Jahrhundert Küstenkolonien und Handelsstützpunkte errichteten und das Christentum einführten. Bis zum 19. Jahrhundert hatte sich die portugiesische Besiedlung ins Landesinnere ausgedehnt; 1914 schaffte Portugal die letzten Überreste des Kongo-Königreichs ab und Angola wurde eine portugiesische Kolonie.
Angola schneidet in den Indizes zur menschlichen Entwicklung schlecht ab, obwohl es seine großen Ölvorräte nutzt, um seit dem Ende eines 27-jährigen Bürgerkriegs im Jahr 2002 wieder aufzubauen. Der Kampf zwischen der Volksbewegung für die Befreiung Angolas (MPLA), angeführt von Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS, und der Nationalen Union für die totale Unabhängigkeit Angolas (UNITA), angeführt von Jonas SAVIMBI, folgte der Unabhängigkeit von Portugal im Jahr 1975. 1992 schien Frieden unmittelbar bevorzustehen, als Angola nationale Wahlen abhielt, aber die Kämpfe nahmen 1993 wieder zu. Bis zu 1,5 Millionen Leben könnten verloren gegangen sein – und 4 Millionen Menschen wurden während der mehr als ein Vierteljahrhundert währenden Kämpfe vertrieben. SAVIMBIs Tod im Jahr 2002 beendete den UNITA-Aufstand und festigte den Einfluss der MPLA an der Macht. DOS SANTOS trat 2017 von der Präsidentschaft zurück, nachdem er das Land seit 1979 geleitet hatte. Er setzte 2010 eine neue Verfassung durch. Joao LOURENCO wurde im August 2017 zum Präsidenten gewählt und wurde im September 2018 Präsident der MPLA.

Das landumschlossene Fürstentum Andorra ist einer der kleinsten Staaten in Europa, hoch in den Pyrenäen zwischen den französischen und spanischen Grenzen gelegen. Von 1278 bis 1993 lebten die Andorraner unter einer einzigartigen Co-Prinzipalität, die von französischen und spanischen Führern regiert wurde (ab 1607 vom französischen Staatsoberhaupt und dem Bischof von Urgell). 1993 wurde dieses feudale System mit der Einführung einer modernen Verfassung modifiziert; die Co-Prinzen blieben als titulierende Staatsoberhäupter, aber die Regierung wandelte sich in eine parlamentarische Demokratie.

Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was not reached by European explorers until the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.
Geography
Location
Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Hawaii and New Zealand
Geographic coordinates
14 20 S, 170 00 W
Map references
Oceania
Area
total: 224 sq km
land: 224 sq km
water: 0 sq km
note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island
Area - comparative
slightly larger than Washington, DC
Land boundaries
total:0 km
Coastline
116 km
Maritime claims
territorial sea:12 nm
exclusive economic zone:200 nm
Climate
tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to October); little seasonal temperature variation
Terrain
five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)
Elevation
lowest point:Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point:Lata Mountain 964 m
Natural resources
pumice, pumicite
Land use
agricultural land:24.5% (2018 est.)
arable land: 15% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 9.5% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)
forest:75.5% (2018 est.)
other:0% (2018 est.)
Irrigated land
0 sq km (2012)
Natural hazards
cyclones common from December to March
volcanism: limited volcanic activity on the Ofu and Olosega Islands; neither has erupted since the 19th century
Environment - current issues
limited supply of drinking water; pollution; waste disposal; coastal and stream alteration; soil erosion
Geography - note
Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean
People and Society
Population
46,366 (July 2021 est.)
Nationality
noun:American Samoan(s) (US nationals)
adjective:American Samoan
Ethnic groups
Pacific Islander 92.6% (includes Samoan 88.9%, Tongan 2.9%, other .8%), Asian 3.6% (includes Filipino 2.2%, other 1.4%), mixed 2.7%, other 1.2% (2010 est.)
note:data represent population by ethnic origin or race
Languages
Samoan 88.6% (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English 3.9%, Tongan 2.7%, other Pacific islander 3%, other 1.8% (2010 est.)
note: most people are bilingual
Religions
Christian 98.3%, other 1%, unaffiliated 0.7% (2010 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years:27.76% (male 7,063/female 6,662)
15-24 years:18.16% (male 4,521/female 4,458)
25-54 years:37.49% (male 9,164/female 9,370)
55-64 years:9.69% (male 2,341/female 2,447)
65 years and over:6.9% (male 1,580/female 1,831) (2020 est.)
Median age
total:27.2 years
male:26.7 years
female:27.7 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate
-2.1% (2021 est.)
Birth rate
17.19 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Death rate
6 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Net migration rate
-32.18 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Urbanization
urban population:87.2% of total population (2020)
rate of urbanization:0.07% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Major urban areas - population
49,000 PAGO PAGO (capital) (2018)
Sex ratio
at birth:1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years:1.06 male(s)/female
15-24 years:1.01 male(s)/female
25-54 years:0.98 male(s)/female
55-64 years:0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over:0.86 male(s)/female
total population:1 male(s)/female (2020 est.)
Infant mortality rate
total:10.25 deaths/1,000 live births
male:12.39 deaths/1,000 live births
female:8 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population:75.06 years
male:72.55 years
female:77.72 years (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.28 children born/woman (2021 est.)
Drinking water source
improved:total: 100% of population
unimproved:total: 0% of population (2017 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved:total: 99% of population
unimproved:total: 1% of population (2017 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate
NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS
NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths
NA
Education expenditures
NA
Government
Country name
conventional long form:American Samoa
conventional short form:American Samoa
abbreviation:AS
etymology:the meaning of Samoa is disputed; some modern explanations are that the "sa" connotes "sacred" and "moa" indicates "center," so the name can mean "Holy Center"; alternatively, some assertions state that it can mean "place of the sacred moa bird" of Polynesian mythology; the name, however, may go back to Proto-Polynesian (PPn) times (before 1000 B.C.); a plausible PPn reconstruction has the first syllable as "sa'a" meaning "tribe or people" and "moa" meaning "deep sea or ocean" to convey the meaning "people of the deep sea"
Dependency status
unincorporated unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Government type
republican form of government with separate executive, legislative, and judicial branches; unincorporated unorganized territory of the US with local self-government
Capital
name:Pago Pago
geographic coordinates:14 16 S, 170 42 W
time difference:UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
note:pronounced pahn-go pahn-go
Administrative divisions
none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 districts and 2 islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island*, Swains Island*, Western
Independence
none (territory of the US)
National holiday
Flag Day, 17 April (1900)
Constitution
history:adopted 17 October 1960; revised 1 July 1967
amendments:proposed by either house of the Legislative Assembly; passage requires three-fifths majority vote by the membership of each house, approval in a referendum, and approval by the US Secretary of the Interior; amended 1971, 1977, 1979
Legal system
mixed legal system of US common law and customary law
Citizenship
see United States
Note: in accordance with US Code Title 8, Section 1408, persons born in American Samoa are US nationals but not US citizens
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch
chief of state:President Joseph R. BIDEN Jr. (since 20 January 2021); Vice President Kamala D. HARRIS (since 20 January 2021)
head of government:Governor Lemanu Peleti MAUGA (since 3 January 2021)
cabinet:Cabinet consists of 12 department directors appointed by the governor with the consent of the Legislature or Fono
elections/appointments:president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state to serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as American Samoa, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 3 November 2020 (next to be held in November 2024)
election results:Lemanu Peleti MAUGA elected governor in first round; percent of vote - Lemanu Peleti MAUGA (independent) 60.3%, Gaoteote Palaie TOFAU (independent) 21.9%, I'aulualo Fa'afetai TALIA (independent) 12.3%
Legislative branch
description:bicameral Legislature or Fono consists of:
Senate (18 seats; members indirectly selected by regional governing councils to serve 4-year terms)
House of Representatives (21 seats; 20 members directly elected by simple majority vote and 1 decided by public meeting on Swains Island; members serve 2-year terms)
elections:
Senate - last held on 8 November 2016 (next to be held in November 2020)
House of Representatives - last held on 6 November 2018 (next to be held in November 2020)
election results:
Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 18; composition - men 17, women 1, percent of women 9.5%
House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 14, women 7, percent of women 33.3%; note - total percent of women in Legislature 20.5%
note:American Samoa elects 1 member by simple majority vote to serve a 2-year term as a delegate to the US House of Representatives; the delegate can vote when serving on a committee and when the House meets as the Committee of the Whole House, but not when legislation is submitted for a “full floor” House vote; election of delegate last held on 6 November 2018 (next to be held in November 2020)
Judicial branch
highest courts:High Court of American Samoa (consists of the chief justice, associate chief justice, and 6 Samoan associate judges and organized into trial, family, drug, and appellate divisions); note - American Samoa has no US federal courts
judge selection and term of office:chief justice and associate chief justice appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior to serve for life; Samoan associate judges appointed by the governor to serve for life
subordinate courts:district and village courts
Political parties and leaders
Democratic Party [Fagafaga Daniel LANGKILDE, chairman]
Republican Party [William SWORD, chairman]
International organization participation
AOSIS (observer), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, PIF (observer), SPC
Diplomatic representation in the US
none (territory of the US)
Diplomatic representation from the US
embassy:none (territory of the US)
Flag description
blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the fly side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying 2 traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a war club known as a "fa'alaufa'i" (upper; left talon), and a coconut-fiber fly whisk known as a "fue" (lower; right talon); the combination of symbols broadly mimics that seen on the US Great Seal and reflects the relationship between the US and American Samoa
National anthem
name: "Amerika Samoa" (American Samoa)
lyrics/music: Mariota Tiumalu TUIASOSOPO/Napoleon Andrew TUITELELEAPAGA
note: local anthem adopted 1950; as a territory of the United States, "The Star-Spangled Banner" is official (see United States)
Economy
Economic overview
American Samoa s a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US with which American Samoa conducts most of its commerce. Tuna fishing and processing are the backbone of the private sector with processed fish products as the primary exports. The fish processing business accounted for 15.5% of employment in 2015.
In late September 2009, an earthquake and the resulting tsunami devastated American Samoa and nearby Samoa, disrupting transportation and power generation, and resulting in about 200 deaths. The US Federal Emergency Management Agency oversaw a relief program of nearly $25 million. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being.
Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism has some potential as a source of income and jobs.
Real GDP growth rate
-2.5% (2016 est.)
1.2% (2015 est.)
1% (2014 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
-0.5% (2015 est.)
1.4% (2014 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$658 million (2016 est.)
$674.9 million (2015 est.)
$666.9 billion (2014 est.)
note: data are in 2016 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)
$658 million (2016 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$11,200 (2016 est.)
$11,300 (2015 est.)
$11,200 (2014 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture:27.4% (2012)
industry:12.4% (2012)
services:60.2% (2012)
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption:66.4% (2016 est.)
government consumption:49.7% (2016 est.)
investment in fixed capital:7.3% (2016 est.)
investment in inventories:5.1% (2016 est.)
exports of goods and services:65% (2016 est.)
imports of goods and services:-93.5% (2016 est.)
Agricultural products
bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock
Industries
tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts
Industrial production growth rate
NA
Labor force
17,850 (2015 est.)
Labor force - by occupation
agriculture:NA
industry:15.5%
services:46.4% (2015 est.)
Unemployment rate
29.8% (2005)
Population below poverty line
NA
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%:NA
highest 10%:NA
Budget
revenues:249 million (2016 est.)
expenditures:262.5 million (2016 est.)
Taxes and other revenues
37.8% (of GDP) (2016 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
-2.1% (of GDP) (2016 est.)
Public debt
12.2% of GDP (2016 est.)
Fiscal year
1 October - 30 September
Exports
$428 million (2016 est.)
$427 million (2015 est.)
Exports - partners
Australia 25%, Ghana 19%, Indonesia 15.6%, Burma 10.4%, Portugal 5.1% (2017)
Exports - commodities
canned tuna
Imports
$615 million (2016 est.)
$657 million (2015 est.)
Imports - partners
Fiji 10.7%, Singapore 10.4%, NZ 10.4%, South Korea 9.3%, Samoa 8.2%, Kenya 6.4%, Australia 5.2% (2017)
Imports - commodities
raw materials for canneries, food, petroleum products, machinery and parts
Debt - external
NA
Exchange rates
the US dollar is used
Energy
Electricity - production
169 million kWh (2016 est.)
Electricity - consumption
157.2 million kWh (2016 est.)
Electricity - exports
0 kWh (2016 est.)
Electricity - imports
0 kWh (2016 est.)
Electricity - installed generating capacity
43,000 kW (2016 est.)
Electricity - from fossil fuels
98% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)
Electricity - from nuclear fuels
0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants
0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Electricity - from other renewable sources
2% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Crude oil - production
0 bbl/day (2018 est.)
Crude oil - exports
0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Crude oil - imports
0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Crude oil - proved reserves
0 bbl (1 January 2018 est.)
Refined petroleum products - production
0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Refined petroleum products - consumption
2,375 bbl/day (2016 est.)
Refined petroleum products - exports
0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Refined petroleum products - imports
2,346 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Natural gas - production
0 cu m (2017 est.)
Natural gas - consumption
0 cu m (2017 est.)
Natural gas - exports
0 cu m (2017 est.)
Natural gas - imports
0 cu m (2017 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves
0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy
361,100 Mt (2017 est.)
Communications
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions:8,984
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:17.92 (2019 est.)
Telecommunication systems
general assessment:good telex, telegraph, facsimile, and cellular telephone services; one of the most complete and modern telecommunications systems in the South Pacific Islands; all inhabited islands have telephone connectivity
domestic:18 per 100 fixed-line teledensity, domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station (2019)
international:country code - 1-684; landing points for the ASH, Southern Cross NEXT and Hawaiki providing connectivity to New Zealand, Australia, American Samoa, Hawaii, California, and SAS connecting American Samoa with Samoa; satellite earth station - 1 (Intelsat-Pacific Ocean) (2019)
note:the COVID-19 outbreak is negatively impacting telecommunications production and supply chains globally; consumer spending on telecom devices and services has also slowed due to the pandemic's effect on economies worldwide; overall progress towards improvements in all facets of the telecom industry - mobile, fixed-line, broadband, submarine cable and satellite - has moderated
Broadcast media
3 TV stations; multi-channel pay TV services are available; about a dozen radio stations, some of which are repeater stations
Internet country code
.as
Internet users
total:17,000
percent of population:31.3% (July 2016 est.)
Transportation
Airports
total:3 (2020)
Airports - with paved runways
total:3 (2019)
over 3,047 m:1
914 to 1,523 m:1
under 914 m:1
Roadways
total:241 km (2016)
Ports and terminals
major seaport(s):Pago Pago
Military and Security
Military - note
defense is the responsibility of the US
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international
Tokelau included American Samoa's Swains Island (Olosega) in its 2006 draft independence constitution .
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Algerien hat viele Reiche und Dynastien erlebt, beginnend mit den alten Numidiern (3. Jahrhundert v. Chr.), Phöniziern, Karthagern, Römern, Vandalen, Byzantinern, über ein Dutzend verschiedener arabischer und berberischer Dynastien, Spaniern und Osmanischen Türken. Unter Letzteren operierten die Barbaresken-Piraten von Nordafrika aus und gingen seit etwa 1500 auf Beutezug, wobei sie ihren Höhepunkt im frühen bis mittleren 17. Jahrhundert erreichten, bis sie schließlich durch die französische Eroberung von Algier im Jahr 1830 besiegt wurden. Die französische Eroberung des gesamten Algeriens setzte sich im Laufe des 19. Jahrhunderts fort und war von vielen Gräueltaten geprägt. Das Land wurde in der späten 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert stark von den Franzosen kolonisiert. Ein blutiger achtjähriger Kampf gipfelte 1962 in der Unabhängigkeit Algeriens.

(3. Mai)
Die Kraft der Worte war schon immer stärker als das Schwert. Der Stift hat Dinge erreicht, die selbst große Armeen nicht verwirklichen konnten. Der Journalismus dient als Augen, Ohren und Stimme der Gesellschaft. Er fungiert als starke Brücke zwischen der Öffentlichkeit und den Machthabern. Wenn der Journalismus frei ist, kommt die Wahrheit ans Licht, die Stimme der Unterdrückten wird erhoben, und die Gesichter der Unterdrücker werden entblößt. Doch wenn der Journalismus durch Einschränkungen, Drohungen und persönliche Interessen gefesselt ist, breitet sich Dunkelheit in der Gesellschaft aus. Um diese Bedeutung zu unterstreichen, wird der Welttag der Pressefreiheit jedes Jahr am 3. Mai weltweit gefeiert.