On February 28, Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin published an article discussing Ethereum's scaling roadmap, pointing out that scaling should be divided into short-term and long-term phases. Short-term scaling mainly relies on the upcoming Glamsterdam upgrade, achieving parallel validation through block-level access lists, extending the block validation time window via the ePBS mechanism, and re-pricing gas to measure actual operation time, while introducing multi-dimensional gas to differentiate different resource consumption and avoid the state bloat issue.
In the Glamsterdam upgrade phase, separate the 'state creation cost' first, so that the state creation gas does not count towards the regular gas limit, thereby supporting larger contract creation. The EVM will maintain compatibility through a 'reservoir' mechanism, ensuring that sub-calls and gas operations continue to function normally. In the future, it will gradually shift to multi-dimensional gas pricing to achieve long-term economic sustainability while retaining flexibility.
Long-term expansion focuses on ZK-EVM and blobs. Blobs achieve 8MB/s data availability through iterative PeerDAS, allowing block data to enter blobs directly without the need for full download verification. ZK-EVM adopts a phased rollout, allowing 5% of the network to use it in 2026, expanding to a larger proportion in 2027, and eventually transitioning to a '3-of-5' multi-proof system, enabling nodes to verify without re-execution, ensuring security and ultra-high gas limits.
