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The president of the International Monetary Fund stated that if the conflict in the Middle East worsens, about 12 countries may need additional support from official lending institutions, most of which are located in Africa. The International Monetary Fund may expand its assistance programs in 5 to 8 countries.

Adam Posen, director of the Peterson Institute for International Economics, warned that rising prices for energy, food, and fertilizers, along with a stronger dollar, will have a "triple impact" on middle- and low-income energy-importing countries.