Bitcoin, initially designed as a decentralized and independent currency from institutions, is now held by several states and governments around the world. As of February 2026, these public entities collectively own over 500,000 BTC, accounting for about 2.5% of the total circulating supply. These holdings mainly come from judicial seizures related to criminal activities, but also from strategic purchases or mining. Some countries see Bitcoin as a reserve asset, others as an economic tool, while a few ban it while paradoxically holding it. This article explores the main holders, their approximate quantities (based on public data and verified estimates), their political positions, and what they have done with these bitcoins. Note: These figures evolve with the markets and seizures; they are indicative and not exhaustive. Here is a graphical overview of the largest government holders of Bitcoin in 2026: