Key figures:
Currently mined ~450 $BTC per day
Every 4 years this figure is halved (halving)
The last million BTC will be mined in ~114 years
Will this affect the price:
Short-term — no impact, liquidity and macro dominate
Long-term — shortage plus predictable policy = powerful combination
What will happen in the year 2140:
Miners will no longer receive new coins
The model will shift to transaction fees to ensure network security