The modular story is not a rebrand. It is a structural bet that regulated finance needs clean separation between what must never fail and what can evolve quickly. In the multi layer design the settlement and data availability layer handles consensus, staking, settlement, and the native movement of value between layers.
On top of that sits the smart contract execution layer built for mainstream developer experience. Then there is the privacy focused execution layer intended for full privacy preserving applications. This matters because privacy in finance is not just about hiding. It is about controlled disclosure. It is about being able to keep sensitive details confidential by default and still support verification when legally required.
Dusk also emphasizes that one token powers the entire stack across settlement and execution, so the system does not fracture into competing currencies or confusing fee models. What makes this exciting is how practical it is. The base layer stays lean by keeping heavy application state where it belongs, while the whole system stays extensible so new execution environments can be added without rewriting the foundations.
