Zoya 07

Walrus was conceived as a modern answer to a straightforward problem: how to store and serve very large files and rich media in a way that is decentralized, affordable, programmable, and compatible with the needs of Web3 applications and AI workflows. At its core Walrus separates the concerns of control and data: Sui acts as the secure control plane that registers blobs, manages lifecycle and payments, and anchors availability proofs on-chain, while the Walrus storage layer focuses on efficient, fault-tolerant distribution and retrieval of large binary objects. This split lets Walrus offer low-overhead, on-demand blob storage while preserving strong cryptographic guarantees about who stored what and when.
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Technically Walrus is built around an erasure-coding-first architecture designed to make redundancy extremely storage-efficient and recovery resilient. Instead of naively replicating whole files across many nodes, Walrus breaks blobs into coded shards using a high-performance scheme (the project calls parts of this family “RedStuff” in its technical writeups) so that the original file can be reconstructed even if a substantial fraction of shards is unavailable. That approach reduces bandwidth and storage overhead while improving durability: the network can tolerate many node failures without losing data. To keep the storage layer accountable, nodes periodically produce on-chain proofs of availability tied to blob identifiers, and the Sui control plane records payments, leases and governance metadata so the storage economy remains auditable and programmable. For applications that require it, optional encryption ensures nobody holding shards can reconstruct sensitive content without the proper keys.
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The economics of Walrus revolve around the native WAL token, which is used for payments, staking and governance. Storage customers pay WAL upfront for a fixed storage term; those payments are distributed over time to storage nodes and stakers as compensation, which aligns incentives for long-term availability. The project intentionally designed WAL as a high throughput utility token with a large maximum supply and a distribution plan that channels a significant portion of tokens into community incentives and operational subsidies, reflecting the reality that a storage economy needs abundant liquidity and steady rewards to bootstrap node participation. The team has published a token schedule and distribution breakdown, and market listings and aggregators report circulating supply and market-cap metrics that help external observers gauge adoption and liquidity.
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Walrus positions itself for a specific set of practical use cases: hosting large AI datasets and model artifacts, serving game assets and video content, providing cost-effective archival storage for NFT media, and enabling decentralized data marketplaces where datasets can be discovered, leased, and consumed programmatically. Its programming model is explicitly developer friendly: the protocol exposes CLIs, HTTP/JSON APIs and SDKs that integrate with Move smart contracts on Sui, allowing applications to register, update and reference blob content within their on-chain logic. That programmability is what differentiates Walrus from simple object storage replicas it lets developers build applications that rely on verifiable, on-chain references to off-chain blobs while still keeping payloads where they belong: off the expensive execution layer.
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From an adoption and product-maturity perspective, Walrus moved from research and testnet phases into broader availability over 2024–2025, with public documentation, SDKs and early mainnet operations receiving attention from the Sui ecosystem and infrastructure partners. That timeline allowed the team to refine encoding algorithms, availability proofs and node economics against real workloads, and it also produced audits, community tooling and exchange listings that make it easier for integrators to evaluate the protocol’s readiness for production. Market-context snapshots (price, circulating supply and exchange listings) give an additional lens on adoption: they don’t prove product-market fit, but they show how many actors are watching the token and, by extension, the network.
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Operational realities and trade-offs are worth spelling out: a blob-first, erasure-coded system trades slightly more complex retrieval logic and coordination for much lower replication costs and higher resilience. Builders who want instant, CDN-style access may pair Walrus with edge caching layers; teams with strict confidentiality needs should layer client-side encryption before upload so that shards held by nodes remain unintelligible. Economically, the stability of storage pricing depends on the design of the WAL payment mechanism (the protocol includes mechanisms intended to stabilize fiat-equivalent storage costs despite token volatility), and the health of the network depends on a steady flow of paid leases plus node operators confident in the reward schedule. Those are solvable engineering and market-design challenges, but they are the kinds of details infrastructure consumers should audit before committing large, mission-critical datasets to any decentralized storage protocol.
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In short, Walrus attempts to combine three things rarely found together: an architecture built for very large binary blobs, tight integration with a fast control-plane blockchain (Sui) for programmability and proofs, and a tokenized economic layer intended to align incentives for long-term availability and growth. For teams building AI pipelines, immersive games, large media platforms or decentralized data marketplaces, Walrus offers an alternative to centralized clouds that is purpose-built for the scale and access patterns of modern Web3 applications. Like any promising infrastructure project, its success will hinge on real-world node participation, predictable economics, robust tooling and careful security practices but the design choices behind erasure-coded blobs, on-chain proofs and a programmable control plane make it a compelling entrant in the decentralized storage field.
@Walrus 🦭/acc #walrus $WAL #Walrus

Founded in 2018, Dusk began as a focused answer to a simple but urgent question: how do you bring the kinds of regulated, institution-grade financial products that live off-chain into the world of blockchains without sacrificing either privacy or auditability? The project’s early whitepaper and repository make that origin explicit and show the team setting out to combine privacy primitives with a permissionless, stake-based security model so that banks, custodians and corporate issuers could experiment with tokenized securities without exposing sensitive business data.
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From that starting point Dusk has evolved into a deliberately modular Layer-1 whose guiding idea is to separate settlement and consensus from execution so each piece can be tuned for the institutional use cases the team targets. At the base layer sits DuskDS, the settlement, consensus and data-availability component that provides finality and native bridging; on top of it the stack supports execution environments such as a DuskVM and a DuskEVM-compatible environment so developers can choose the execution model that best fits their needs. That modular design is intended to let institutions run confidential contracts and tokenized financial instruments while relying on a hardened settlement layer for security and compliance.
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Privacy is not an afterthought for Dusk — it is the point. The network bills itself as the first blockchain with native confidential smart contracts, and the platform implements privacy using cryptographic techniques (including zero-knowledge proofs and stealth mechanisms) so that transaction details, balances, or business logic can remain confidential while still allowing auditable, verifiable outcomes where regulators or counterparties require them. That capability is expressed in practical primitives such as the Confidential Security Contract (XSC) standard, which is aimed at letting firms issue and trade regulated assets (equities, bonds, funds, tokenized real estate) without publishing sensitive data on a public ledger. In short, Dusk’s privacy model is engineered so that the ledger can be used in regulated markets without blowing open counterparty or investor confidentiality.
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On consensus, Dusk implemented an approach called Segregated Byzantine Agreement (SBA), a PoS-based mechanism that augments standard stake selection with cryptographic sortition, hidden or time-locked stake commitments, and reputation modules designed to bias validator selection toward honest participants while keeping stake holdings and nominations private. SBA’s goals are to preserve decentralization, resist stake-based manipulation, and make selection unpredictable to adversaries technical choices that align with the project’s privacy and compliance ambitions because they reduce the attack surface exposed by public stake information. The project’s earlier whitepaper and later technical materials explain how these components fit together and why the Dusk team sees them as a pragmatic compromise between auditability, liveness and confidentiality.
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Dusk’s roadmap and documentation show that the project has been iterative: the community and core team publicly refreshed the whitepaper and the tech stack to reflect design changes, new security work and lessons learned since the 2021 version. An updated whitepaper released in late 2024 lays out the current architecture and places greater emphasis on modularity, settlement primitives, and the practical standards (like XSC) needed for market participants to issue compliant tokenized instruments. Those documentation updates are important because they mark a shift from proof-of concept privacy primitives to production oriented standards aimed at institutional adoption.
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The network also crossed an operational milestone when its mainnet went live in early January 2026, a release that the project and exchanges highlighted as the start of the platform’s availability for confidential DeFi experiments and RWA issuance. With mainnet live, features such as confidential smart contracts and the settlement guarantees of DuskDS moved from test environments into a public, permissionless network intended for real economic activity. That transition is what lets custodians, token issuers and regulated marketplaces begin to test real workflows that were previously confined to private or permissioned ledgers.
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Tokenomics and ecosystem signals matter in practice. The native token DUSK is used for securing the network, staking, fees and economic incentives; public market data (exchanges and price aggregators) report circulating supply and market capitalization figures that give a sense of market interest and liquidity. Beyond price, what’s strategically important is how token economics are tied to staking and validator incentives given the SBA design the privacy of stakes, the selection lottery and reputation tracking all influence how operators decide to participate. For developers and institutions, those economic levers are the plumbing that must function reliably before large issuances or custody arrangements are put into production.
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Use cases are practical and focused rather than theoretical. The team points to compliant tokenized securities, private settlement rails for OTC trades, confidential syndicated loans, and privacy-preserving data marketplaces as the kinds of real-world workflows that benefit from Dusk’s mix of confidentiality and public verifiability. In these scenarios, an issuer can put contract logic on-chain without revealing investors’ positions or trade sizes, while auditors or regulators can still be given controlled access to proofs or decryption keys that demonstrate compliance. That pattern keep the on-chain footprint small and private, expose proofs to authorized parties is the core operational model Dusk promotes.
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Security, auditability and developer tooling are natural follow-ups to all of this, and the project’s public docs, code repositories and community resources are where you’ll find the implementation details, testnets, SDKs and smart-contract standards. If you want to dig into the code, there’s an active GitHub presence and a set of published technical documents that show how the cryptographic stacks, consensus timers and module interfaces are expected to interact. For institutions evaluating the chain, those artifacts whitepapers, audit reports, SDK docs and a history of testnet performance are the evidence they will weigh.
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To step back: Dusk’s story is one of narrowing focus. Where many Layer-1s aim for maximum generality, Dusk picked the harder path of building primitives that match the constraints of regulated finance: privacy that can be selectively waived for compliance, settlement that is auditable yet confidential, and a modular stack that lets execution environments evolve without rewriting the settlement and consensus base. For institutions and developers interested in confidential DeFi or real-world asset tokenization, Dusk now offers a production-oriented platform, a refreshed whitepaper and a live mainnet to experiment on but as with any infrastructure aiming at regulated markets, careful security reviews, legal analysis and staged pilots remain essential first steps.
@Dusk #dusk $DUSK #Dusk

Walrus is a decentralized storage and data availability protocol built on the Sui blockchain, designed to change the way large files like videos, images, and datasets are stored and accessed in Web3. Instead of relying on centralized cloud services, Walrus splits files into many smaller pieces using advanced erasure coding and distributes them across a global network of independent storage nodes. This approach helps keep storage costs significantly lower while still ensuring data remains accessible even if many nodes go offline, making it much more robust than traditional replication models.
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The key innovation behind Walrus lies in a custom encoding method that reduces storage cost to around five times the original file size, a fraction of what older decentralized systems typically need. These encoded fragments, sometimes called “slivers,” are stored across nodes so that even if a large portion goes missing, the original data can still be reconstructed. Metadata and proofs of data availability are tracked on Sui through smart contracts, allowing developers to build programmable storage and verify data integrity directly on-chain.
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At the center of the ecosystem is the WAL token, the native cryptocurrency that powers payments, incentives, and governance. Users pay WAL to store and retrieve data, and node operators earn WAL rewards for providing storage and responding to read requests. WAL holders can also stake their tokens in a delegated proof-of-stake (DPoS) mechanism, supporting network security and earning additional rewards while participating in decisions about pricing models, storage economics, and future upgrades. A significant portion of the WAL supply is allocated to the community, including airdrops, incentives, and developer support, ensuring a wide distribution that fuels long-term growth.
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Walrus’s mainnet launch in March 2025 marked a major milestone for the project, backed by strong funding from major investors such as a16z Crypto and Electric Capital, totaling around $140 million. This financial support reflects confidence in Walrus’s potential to reshape decentralized storage infrastructure and make storage more scalable and efficient for a range of applications. These include not only decentralized apps (dApps) and NFT media hosting but also enterprise backup solutions and AI dataset storage.
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The integration with Sui gives Walrus additional advantages, such as fast parallel processing and smart contract composability, which help developers build powerful storage-driven applications. Storage is represented as tokenized assets on Sui, and because all data and storage proofs exist as on-chain objects, applications can manage data lifetimes, extensions, and availability directly within code. This programmability opens the door to decentralized marketplaces for storage and even hosting entire decentralized websites.
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Overall, Walrus is positioning itself as a next generation decentralized storage layer that is cost-effective, resilient, and highly programmable. Its innovative use of erasure coding, strong tokenomics, and deep integration with the Sui ecosystem could make it a foundational element of the decentralized internet one that enables more secure, censorship-resistant, and efficient storage for users and developers alike@Walrus 🦭/acc #walrus $WAL #Walrus

@Dusk began with a purpose many blockchains only talk about: to bring real world, regulated finance onto a public ledger without forcing institutions to expose the private details they must protect. Launched as a Layer-1 project in 2018, Dusk set out to be the privacy-first infrastructure for financial institutions, aiming to let banks, asset managers and issuers tokenize securities and other regulated assets while keeping the necessary confidentiality intact.
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What makes Dusk feel like a practical bridge between classic finance and crypto is its focus on both privacy and compliance. Instead of making privacy an afterthought, the protocol embeds confidential smart contract primitives and zero-knowledge constructs at the platform level, so balances, transfer amounts and sensitive fields can remain hidden from public view while still verifiable for audit or regulatory checks when required. This is not merely marketing language but a design choice: Dusk explicitly combines ZK proof systems with on-chain tooling so that privacy and regulatory observability can coexist.
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Under the hood, Dusk’s modular architecture is built to meet institutional expectations. The stack separates concerns consensus, execution, and privacy components so different modules can evolve or be upgraded without disrupting the overall platform. That modular approach makes it easier to plug in compliance features, integrate with off-chain identity or custody systems, or tailor the platform to the legal regimes of different markets. It is this architecture that lets developers use familiar EVM-compatible tools while also accessing native privacy and compliance primitives.
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Security and privacy are delivered through concrete cryptography and a custom consensus design. Dusk leverages zero knowledge proofs integrating modern implementations like PLONK-style proofs to validate transactions without revealing secret values, and uses a consensus approach intended to preserve finality and liveness while fitting the needs of regulated markets. These technical choices are made with the specific aim of enabling confidential smart contracts for digital securities, structured products and other regulated instruments that would be difficult to issue on fully public, naked blockchains.
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The practical outcomes Dusk seeks are easy to imagine: tokenization of equities, bonds, funds and real estate with native privacy for participants; automated compliance that reduces manual reconciliation and legal overhead; and secondary markets that can settle directly on-chain while preserving the confidentiality institutions demand. To realize this, Dusk has pursued partnerships and pilots that connect its blockchain to regulated exchanges and payment rails, showing a roadmap from proofs-of-concept toward regulated issuance and trading. That combination of technology and real-world integration is what positions Dusk as a candidate platform for bringing institutional assets onto blockchains without sacrificing legal or operational requirements.
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For those who watch the space closely, Dusk stands out because it treats privacy as a first-class feature for regulated finance rather than a privacy coin afterthought. The project’s emphasis on confidential smart contracts, modular upgrades, and cryptographic transparency-without-exposure gives it a clear role in the emerging real-world-asset layer of crypto infrastructure. As markets and regulators continue to define how tokenized assets should behave, platforms that balance auditability, privacy, and compliance will likely be the ones institutions feel comfortable using. Dusk’s design choices are meant to meet exactly that need
@Dusk #dusk $DUSK #Wduk