These data are included in a report sent by the Tax Authority to Congress, in response to inquiries from the Chamber of Deputies regarding the inspection of betting and transactions with crypto assets.

The amount corresponds to ten completed inspection processes, which initially focused on verifying irregularities in the assessment of capital gains and income related to digital assets.

The assessments were issued directly after identifying problems in taxpayers' declarations, highlighting that the Revenue Service has been expanding the use of analytical tools and data cross-referencing to monitor operations with cryptocurrencies.

According to the agency, monitoring transactions with virtual assets is part of a broader process of tax control, which combines information provided by taxpayers themselves with third-party data obtained through accessory obligations and other legal mechanisms.

In the specific case of cryptocurrencies, the main data source is the Crypto Assets Declaration (DeCripto), created by Normative Instruction No. 1,888 of 2019, and updated by Normative Instruction No. 2,291 of 2025. Based on this information, the Revenue Service developed internal analysis systems to identify anomalies and also utilizes technological solutions available in the market to reinforce supervision.

Supervision with challenges

The Tax Authority reported that it participates in bids to acquire specialized software for tracking and analyzing transactions on blockchain, seeking to expand its capacity to monitor operations conducted outside the traditional financial system.

Despite this, it acknowledges limitations, such as the lack of automatic data exchange about users and cryptocurrency transactions with other countries, which hinders the identification of assets held abroad or on foreign platforms.

This limitation should be reduced with the adoption of the Crypto Asset Reporting Framework (CARF), an OECD initiative of which Brazil is a signatory. Starting in 2027, the Revenue Service will begin to share and receive information about crypto assets with various countries, which should expand the reach of supervision and allow for greater accuracy in identifying undeclared assets.

Although it has already imposed significant fines, the agency claims not to have estimates on prescribed or decaying amounts related to taxes on operations with crypto assets since 2019, due to the self-assessment regime — where the taxpayer calculates and pays the tax, with the Revenue Service only responsible for subsequent verification.

In addition to specific assessments, the Revenue Service highlighted that there are other tax processes involving cryptocurrencies, but they were not included in the survey as they fall under common infractions across different tax areas.

Finally, the agency reported that there is still no official estimate on the total volume of undeclared crypto assets held by Brazilians, an assessment that should only become more accurate with the start of the international exchange of information provided for by CARF.