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What are “trustless” bridges in crypto?
Trustless bridges are mechanisms that allow the movement of cryptocurrencies or tokens between different blockchains (for example, from Ethereum to Bitcoin or from Polygon to Solana) without the need to trust a company, custodian, or intermediary.
Instead of relying on a human entity, these bridges function through:
💻Smart contracts
⌨️Cryptography
🔑Decentralized validation
That is, the system itself guarantees security.
Why are they called “trustless”?
Because you don’t have to trust anyone else for your transfer to work.
You are not dependent on a custodian who could:
⚔️Steal funds
⚔️Suffer a hack
⚔️Stop the service
Instead, everything is executed automatically through decentralized code.
How do they work?
The general process looks something like this:
1. You lock your token on the source blockchain using a smart contract.
2. That contract informs the bridge (in a decentralized way) that the tokens are locked.
3. On the destination blockchain, equivalent tokens are created or released.
4. When you want to return them, the process is reversed.
Example:
You want to transfer ETH from Ethereum to Polygon.
The bridge locks your ETH on Ethereum and issues equivalent “wrapped ETH” on Polygon.
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